The DDFR is a Digital Fault and Disturbance recording system that uses communications to retrieve Fault, Disturbance, and Sequence of Event records that are captured by the protection relays distributed throughout a substation. The DDFR internally stores this critical substation information for local station troubleshooting as well as archives this data in a remote enterprise network location for permanent storage and analysis.

Within seconds of an event occurring, the DDFR automatically collects and archives information about power system faults and disturbances that have been recorded by the protective relays. The DDFR is able to retrieve the following power system information:
• Transient Fault Records (Oscillography)
• Sequence of Event Records
• Disturbance Records (Triggered Data Logs)

Applications
Ideally suited for utility substations and large industrial facilities that utilize advanced microprocessor-based relays, such as GE Multilin's UR and SR relay platforms, the DDFR provides a complete disturbance recording solution.

Substation-hardened, the DDFR has been designed and tested to meet and exceed international fault recording standards. Specifically, the DDFR complies with:
• NERC - REF-PRC-002-1
• IEEC
• NPCC
• ECAR Doc. #14

Industrial facilities that utilize multiple protection relays distributed across a site are able to use the DDFF to retrieve and archive operational data recorded from motors, transformers and other equipment to aide with system analysis and the identification of potential equipment failures and preventative maintenance planning.

	Transient fault records are collected from your protection relays and archived for further analysis

Benefits
• Eliminates up to one-third of substation wiring needed for protection, metering and disturbance recording and associated costs
• Allows for recording of Transfer Trip Signals, Block Signals and other inter-substation messages, sent via IEC61850 peer-to-peer messages, which are not recordable by conventional digital fault recorders
• Permits recording of internal protection relay operands and calculations in Sequence of Events (SOE) and Fault records

	Archive data collected in DDFRs distributed across the network to a centralized network location

Record Archiving
The DDFR is equipped with ample amounts of non-volatile, solid state storage that provides the ability of storing many months worth of fault and disturbance information locally inside the DDFR.

An optional DDFR Archiving software package is available and can be installed on a network server for the automatic archiving of records stored in DDFRs distributed throughout a wide area network. This creates a centralized network location for permanent storage and analysis of faults and disturbances.

	Station-wide Sequence Of Event Records (SOE) collected from relays throughout the substation

Disturbance Analysis
The EnerVista™ DDFR setup software provides users with the tools to analyze Sequence of Event Records, Transient Fault Records, and Disturbance Records that have been stored on a DDFR or archived onto a network location by the DDFR Archiving Software. The DDFR setup software includes the following resources:

Sequence of Event viewer for analyzing the operation of equipment across the entire substation. Data available in the records include:
• Timestamp of Event
• Description of the Event
• Name of Substation
• Name of Source Relay
• Model of the Source Relay

COMTRADE Viewer for analyzing Transient Fault records and Disturbance records with the following analysis formats:
• Time based waveform viewer
• Phasor diagram viewer
• Harmonic analysis viewer

Devices Supported and Resolution
The DDFR can archive records from the following protection relays with the resolution described for each device:

UR Platform
• 0.5ms. timestamping resolution
• 64 sample/cycle transient recording
• sample per cycle disturbance recording

SR Platform
• 14 ms. timestamping resolution
• 16 Sample/cycle transient recording
• sample per cycle disturbance recording (750)

650 Platform
• 1ms. timestamping resolution
• 64 sample/cycle transient recording

 GE Multilin Relay Firmware Supported by DDFR